Yoga/is

Sanskrítarhugtakið jóga þýðir „guðleg sameining,“ eða sameining þín og Guðs – þess vegna „jóga. Margar iðkanir sem eru framandi í hinum vestræna heimi eru tíðkast á meðal austurlenskra leitenda em leitast við að sameinast æðra sjálfinu. Sumar þessa iðkana krefjast strangs aga; Vesturlandabúar kunna reyndar að telja þær harðdrægnislegar.

Orðið jóga hefur sömu rót og enska orðið yoke [sem samsvarar ok eða klafi á íslensku]. Þannig má skilja að jóga sé aðferð til andlegrar sameiningar. Jesús sagði: „Takið á yður mitt ok og lærið af mér, ... Því að mitt ok er ljúft og byrði mín létt.“ Kannski var hann í raun að segja: "Takið á yður mitt jóga." Því að Jesús hafði jóga. Hann stundaði ákveðna agaþjálfun þar sem hann var þjálfaður í ferðum sínum um Austurlönd.

Helstu tegundir jóga

Til þess að skilja til fulls hið æðsta jóga, agni jóga, verðum við að vera meðvituð um hinar ýmsu gerðir jóga eins og þær hafa verið stundaðar í gegnum aldirnar af unnendum hinnar guðdómlegu móður.

Til eru fjórar helstu tegundir jógaiðkunar

• jnana jóga, leið sameiningarinnar við Guð með þekkingu
• bhakti jóga, leið kærleika og tilbeiðslu
• karma jóga, leið óeigingjarns verknaðar
• raja yoga, leið einbeitingar og hugleiðslu

Þessar fjórar jógagerðir má stilla upp innan fjögurra fjórðunga hinnar Kosmísku klukku — jnana jóga í hugræna fjórðungnum, bhakti jóga í geðræna fjórðunginn, karma jóga í efnislega fjórðungnum og raja jóga í ljósvakafjórðungnum. Innan allra fjögurra jógaaðferðinna er áskilin ástundun grunnreglna í siðferði, þar á meðal sannleiksgildi, hófsemi, hreinleiki og meinleysi gagnvart lífinu.

Mismunandi manngerðum henta mismunandi jógagerðir en það þýðir ekki að það þurfi aðeins að stunda eina tegund af jóga. Reyndar hvetur hindúatrú okkur til að reyna alla fjórar tegundir jóga sem mismunandi leiðir til Guðs. Þær útiloka ekki hverjar aðrar því engin mannvera er eingöngu hugsanavera, tilfinningavera, athafnavera eða tilraunakennd. Mismunandi tilefni kalla á mismunandi viðbrögð.

Æðsta tegund jóga: agni jóga

► Aðalgrein: Agni jóga

Æðsta jóga er agni jóga. Þetta er jóga eldsins — helgur eldur. Það yfirstígur fjórar tegundir jóga sem eiga við um fjóra lægri líkamana því það leiðir til uppstigningar. Þetta jóga hafa allir boðberar Stóra hvíta bræðralagsins kennt. Jafnvel spámenn Ísraels iðkuðu eldjóga.

Hatha jóga

► Aðalgrein: Hatha jóga

Í huga margra Vesturlabdabúa er hatha jóga sú hugmynd sem þeir hafa um jóga. Það er kerfi líkamsæfinga sem gerir mönnum kleift að stjórna öndun og líkamsstarfsemi. Þessi jógaaðferð er aðeins ein af mörgum sem kennd er á Austurlöndum.

When practiced as an end in itself, hatha yoga can actually be a distraction from the path of God-realization, or union with God. But the ascended master Chananda, chief of the Indian Council, recommends hatha yoga as

... an appropriate sequence of the exercise of the physical body for the interaction with the spiritual bodies and the chakras....

It is not a physical exercise for the exercise of the physical body. It is divine movement for the release of light that is even locked in your physical cells and atoms, in your very physical heart. Releasing that light transmutes toxins, fatigue and opposition to your victory. And therefore, not endless hours but a period of meditation and concentration combined with these yoga postures daily will reap much good. It will give you a surcease from the stress of bearing the burden of world karma and the burden of that certain type of chaotic energy which is uniquely Western in its vibration, emanating from the mass consciousness of uncontrolled feeling bodies and the wanton and reckless misuse of the mental body.

This path is something that you can take up and yet not be deterred from your regular activity of service. We desire to see one-pointedness and discipline rise from the base of the physical pyramid and ascend to the crown. Many of you have pursued the discipline from spiritual levels, drawing forth the light of the mighty I AM Presence down into the heart and into the lower vehicles. And this is as it should be, as the path of the Father is the descending light and the path of the Mother is the ascending light. Thus, we build from that foundation.

Mantra jóga

► Aðalgrein: Hið talaða Orð

Mantra yoga (like hatha yoga) is an adjunct to the principal forms of yoga. A mantra is a brief prayer that is given over and over again to develop the momentum of a particular virtue within the soul. The word mantra is taken from the Sanskrit, meaning “sacred counsel” or “formula.”

The repetition of the names of God—and of sacred mantras containing the names of God—is used by Hindus and Buddhists throughout India as a means of reunion with God. For the name of God is God, because the name is a chalice, a formula that carries his vibration. So God and his name are one. He gives you his name, you recite the name, then he gives you all of himself.

Today in the West, many people have a difficult time meditating because their minds are so yin. They eat too much sugar and drink too many liquids like coffee and soft drinks, most of which have caffeine in them. These yin foods—and especially alcohol and recreational drugs—make it difficult to concentrate.

To compensate for this weakness, we give mantras during our meditation. The mantras help us focus on words and on word pictures and visualizations. As we meditate and give these mantras, we are becoming one with the object of our concentration. The mantra keeps the mind in line. This was the grand solution of Saint Germain for all of his disciples in the West.

The Ástundun jóga

Those in the East who practice yoga may develop special powers called siddhis. These include many of the miraculous feats we have heard of in the West: knowledge of the past and future, knowledge of past lives, great strength, walking on water, flying, bilocation, mastery of the elements, the ability to surround oneself with a blaze of light, and the ability to choose the time of one’s death. Some of these seemingly miraculous abilities were demonstrated by Jesus and by some modern Christian saints such as Padre Pio.

But the siddhis are not the goal. In fact, it is the supreme test of the yogi to give them up. Patanjali in his classic Yoga Sutras (written in the second century B.C.) refers to these supernatural powers as “obstacles to samadhi.... By giving up even these powers, the seed of evil is destroyed and liberation follows.” Jesus demonstrated this when he successfully passed the three tests of Satan in the wilderness.

You can be a yogi whether or not you practice any kind of physical yoga. You are a yogi when you take upon yourself the yoke of Jesus Christ, which is light and which is easy. You are a yogi under the ascended masters, you are a yogi as you perfect the science of the spoken Word.

Sjá einnig

Jnana jóga

Bhakti jóga

Karma jóga

Raja jóga

Hatha jóga

Heimildir

Mark L. Prophet and Elizabeth Clare Prophet, The Masters and the Spiritual Path, 1. kafli, “The Highest Yoga”.